Why Anti-D is used in ITP?

Anti-D immunoglobulin can be an effective option for rapidly increasing platelet counts in patients with symptomatic ITP. Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by a decreased number of platelets that often results in mucocutaneous bleeding. ITP remains a diagnosis of exclusion.

How does RhoGam work for ITP?

If IV RhIg is not available, ITP can be treated with intramuscular RhIg (RhoGam). Doses of 13 ug/kg can be given weekly. One to two days after treatment, the platelet count should rise to approximately 50,000/uL and gradually peak at 7-14 days.

What is the first line treatment for ITP?

The standard initial treatment for ITP is oral corticosteroids to increase platelet counts. Intravenous immunoglobulin or anti-D immunoglobulin can also increase platelet counts and are particularly useful for stimulating rapid platelet increases before planned procedures.

What are the side effects of anti-d injection?

Common side effects of RhoGAM include:

• injection site reactions (pain discomfort, or tenderness),
• fever,
• joint or muscle pain,
• headache,
• dizziness,
• weakness,
• tiredness,
• itching,

Why do I need an anti-d injection?

Rhesus disease can largely be prevented by having an injection of a medication called anti-D immunoglobulin. This can help to avoid a process known as sensitisation, which is when a woman with RhD negative blood is exposed to RhD positive blood and develops an immune response to it.

What blood type is anti-D?

If you’re RhD negative, your blood will be checked for the antibodies (known as anti-D antibodies) that destroy RhD positive red blood cells.

What happens if anti-D is not given?

Without anti-D, your body will treat your baby’s blood as a foreign invader. Your immune system will produce antibodies to destroy blood cells from your baby. Doctors call this sensitisation. Antibodies can cause serious problems if a sensitised RhD-negative woman becomes pregnant again with another RhD-positive baby.

How many anti-D injections do I need?

Routine antenatal anti-D prophylaxis (RAADP) a 2-dose treatment: where you receive 2 injections; one during the 28th week and the other during the 34th week of your pregnancy.

How is anti-D used to treat ITP?

Anti-D is a blood product consisting of antibodies to the RH factor on red blood cells. It has been shown to achieve a temporary rise in the platelet count in about 80 percent of people and occasionally has a longer-term effect.1 Anti-D products were first licensed in 1995 for the treatment of ITP, and are used in both children and adults.

How many patients are treated with anti-D?

Children (n = 124) and adult patients (n = 137) with classic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP; n = 156) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) related thrombocytopenia (n = 105) and acute (n = 75) or chronic (n = 186) disease at the time of the initial anti-D treatment were studied.

Is it safe to take intravenous anti-D?

(3) Safety/toxicity of anti-D: Postinfusion reactions and hemoglobin decrease after treatment were studied. Anti-D is a safe treatment providing a hemostatic platelet increase in greater than 70% of the Rh + non-splenectomized patients.

What is the duration of response to anti-D?

Duration of response after the initial anti-D treatment. A total of 189 patients responded to the initial treatment. The effect of anti-D lasted more than 21 days in 50% of the responders. Significantly longer duration of response was seen in patients with platelet increases greater than 50 × 10 3 /μL ( P < .01).