What is CD133 a marker for?

Recently, CD133 has been used extensively as a marker for the identification of stem cells from normal and cancerous tissues. Several more recent studies, however, indicate that CD133 are expressed in differentiated epithelial cells in various organs, and CD133-negative cancer cells can also initiate tumors.

What are CD133 cells?

CD133 (prominin-1) is a cell surface glycoprotein expressed on CSCs in several solid tumors such as glioma, lung, liver, and colorectal cancer and is responsible for a drug-resistant phenotype and poor prognosis (Dragu, Necula, Bleotu, Diaconu, & Chivu-Economescu, 2015).

What is cancer stem cell marker?

The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis has captured the attention of many scientists. It is believed that elimination of CSCs could possibly eradicate the whole cancer. CSC surface markers provide molecular targeted therapies for various cancers, using therapeutic antibodies specific for the CSC surface markers.

Where do cancer stem cells come from?

An alternative theory for the origin of CSCs suggests that they arise from normal somatic cells which acquire stem-like characteristics and malignant behavior through genetic and/or heterotypic alterations. For example, cancer cells gain stem-like characteristics through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

What does CD34 stand for?

hematopoietic stem cells
CD34 derives its name from the cluster of differentiation protocol that identifies cell surface antigens. CD34 was first described on hematopoietic stem cells independently by Civin et al. and Tindle et al. as a cell surface glycoprotein and functions as a cell-cell adhesion factor.

What is the difference between cancer cells and cancer stem cells?

). For example, in tumors of the breast and brain, a minority population of cancer stem cells have the ability to self-renew, whereas the majority of cancer cells have limited or no ability to proliferate. This suggests that cancer stem cells may drive the growth and spread of the tumor.

Are all CD34 positive?

Almost all hematopoietic pluripotent and committed stem cells in colony-forming assays express CD34. The uncommitted progenitor cells are CD38-negative, whereas the committed ones are mostly CD38-positive. In normal conditions, CD34-positive cells account for about 1–2% of the total bone marrow cells.

What is a normal CD34 count?

Under normal conditions, CD34+ cells in PB range from 0.01 to 0.05%5; in the BM, the concentration is usually less than 1% of normal mononuclear cells.5, 6, 7, 8 The number of progenitor cells to be infused to reach a proper hematopoietic recovery is still controversial,9, 10 however a minimum of 2–5 × 106 CD34+ cells/ …

What cells are nestin positive?

Nestin+ cells are found in mouse skin, and neural crest derived cells traced with Wnt1-cre in vivo are present in the dermal papilla of the hair follicle [77]. However, the correspondence between both cell subsets was not confirmed.